Kinetic Parameters of Nut Shells Pyrolysis

The European Union created a Green Deal Program (EGDP). This program aims at sustainable economy through the transformation of challenges related to climate and environment. main goal EGDP is neutrality by 2050. increase alternative biomass residues utilization from various food processing industries cooperation in energy waste management sector required meet these expectations. Nut shells are one lesser-known, yet promising, materials that can be used as an fuel or pre-treated product further applications. However, thermal conversion point view, it important know properties kinetic parameters considered biowaste. In this study, walnut, hazelnut, peanut, pistachio were investigated. results showed raw nut characterized useful such higher heating value (HHV) 17.8–19.7 MJ∙kg−1 moisture content 4.32–9.56%. After treatment (torrefaction, pyrolysis), HHV significantly increased up ca. 30 MJ∙kg−1. thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) applying three different rates (β; 5, 10, 20 °C∙min−1) was performed. determined using isothermal model-fitting method developed Coats–Redfern. activation (Ea) estimated for β = 5 °C∙min−1, was, e.g., 60.3 kJ∙mol−1∙K−1 59.3 53.4 103.8 pistachio, respectively. Moreover, Ea observed with increasing β. addition, significant differences same group observed. Thus, characterization specific shell recommended improved modeling processes designing bioreactors treatment.